The 7th U.S President " Andrew Jackson" , President of The United States

Andrew Jackson: A curious fact anyone could go to public festivals celebrated Andrew Jackson in the White House, and almost all were! In his last party, a cheese wheel was 1.400 lbs of food in only two hours. The White House had smell of cheese for weeks. Closer than any of his predecessors, Andrew Jackson was elected by popular vote; as president tried to act as the direct representative of the common man. Born in some area of forests in the Carolinas in 1767, he received a sporadic education. But in his late teens he was educated in law for about two years and became an outstanding young lawyer in Tennessee. Strongly jealous of his honor, he engaged in brawls, and in a duel killed a man who cast an unjustified compliment his wife Rachel. Jackson prospered sufficiently to buy slaves and to build a mansion, the Hermitage, near Nashville. He was the first man elected from Tennessee to the House of Representatives, and served for a short time in the Senate. As a Major General in the War of 1812, Jackson became a national hero when he defeated the British at New Orleans.

In 1824 some state political factions allied themselves around Jackson; before 1828 had joined the "Old Walnut" as he was known, to win numeosas state elections and control of the federal administration in Washington. In his first annual message to Congress, Jackson recommended eliminating the Electoral College. He also tried to democratize the administration of federal offices. The machinery of state was already built on patronage, and New York Senator openly proclaimed "what the victors belong the losers ..." Jackson took a milder view. Denigrating managers of federal offices that seemed to enjoy everything in life, he believed that government duties could be "so simple, so simple" that offices should rotate among deserving applicants. As national politics polarized around Jackson and his opposition, two parties grew old Republican Party - the Democratic Republicans, or Democrats, tied to Jackson; and national, Republicans or Whigs, opposing him. Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, and other leaders "Whigs" defenders of popular liberty against the usurpation of Jackson proclaimed themselves. Hostile cartoonists caricatured him as King Andrew I. Behind their accusations is the fact that Jackson, unlike previous presidents did not differ to Congress in policy making but used his power of veto and his party leadership to take the command. The greatest party battle centered around the Second Bank of the United States, a private corporation but virtually an event sponsored by the government monopoly. When Jackson appeared hostile to the bank he launched its power against him.

Clay and Webster, who had acted as lawyers for the bank, led the fight for recapitulation in Congress. "The bank," Jackson told Martin Van Buren, "is trying to kill me, but I'll kill you!" Jackson, in vetoing the law of recapitulation, accused the bank of having undue economic privilege. His views won approval from the American electorate; in 1832 he obtained more than 56 percent of the popular vote and almost five times the amount of electoral votes won by Clay. Jackson decided to face the challenge of John C. Calhoun, leader of forces trying to rid themselves of a high protective tariff. South Carolina when he undertook to cancel the tariff, Jackson ordered armed forces to Charleston and threatened to hang Calhoun specifically. Violence seemed imminent until Clay negotiated a compromise: tariffs were lowered and South Carolina nullification eliminated. In January 1832, while the President was having dinner with friends at the White House, someone told him that the Senate had rejected the nomination of Martin Van Buren as minister to England. Jackson stand there and cried, "for the eternal! I will crush you!" And so he did. His favorite, Van Buren, became the Vice President, and became president when "the old nut" retired to Hermitage, where he died in June 1845.